منابع مشابه
Patents or Patents Pending
An Aluminum Nitride (AlN) MEMS resonator technology has been developed, enabling massively parallel filter and oscillator arrays on a single chip. Low loss filter banks and resonator arrays covering the 10MHz10GHz frequency range have been demonstrated, as has monolithic integration with inductors and CMOS circuitry. The high level of integration enables miniature multi-band, spectrally-aware a...
متن کاملMail Stop Comments–patents Commissioner for Patents
BIO is a trade association representing more than 1,000 biotechnology companies, academic institutions, state biotechnology centers and related organizations in all 50 U.S. states and 33 other nations. BIO members are involved in the research and development of health-care, agricultural, industrial and environmental biotechnology products. Our membership represents a complete cross section of t...
متن کاملDesign Patents
In recent years, companies have increasingly come to recognize the value of design patents to protect their intellectual property (IP). For example, the dispute between Apple and Samsung over smartphone and tablet computers involved several patents, some of which were design patents. The jury in that case awarded Apple more than $1 billion in damages. The jury’s award was notable not only for i...
متن کاملNanobiotechnology Patents
Nanobiotechnology is a result of converging length scales of study in various technological fields. For example, traditional materials engineering focused on the properties of bulk materials, chemistry focused on atomic and molecular level interactions, physics focused on subatomic phenomena, and biology focused on organic molecular and supramolecular interactions. Now, with powerful imaging an...
متن کاملProbabilistic Patents
F or many years, economists typically conceptualized patents as well-defined property rights giving their owners either a monopoly over some market or at least a significant competitive advantage in that market due to control over a product improvement or a low-cost method of production (Nordhaus, 1969; Reinganum, 1989). Once a patent was issued, this approach tended to assume that the patent w...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 1985
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.227.4694.1535